미국 커뮤니케이션 산업의 구조적 변화 : 1981~2003년간의 산업 간 교차인수합병 추세 분석

초록

This study examined the pattern of cross-mergers among 13 media sectors in the communication industry in the U.S. Using network analysis, we compared the structural patterns of cross-mergers in three periods：1981∼1995, 1996∼2000, and 2001∼2003. The results of comparative network analysis of ownership transactions indicated different structures of media convergence in each period. The most central sectors were old media conglomerate, wired and wireless telephone, cable television, and publishing businesses before the Telecommunication Act period(1981∼1995). While the Internet, old and new media conglomerates, cable television, and wireless telephone businesses emerged as central actors in cross-mergers during 1996-2000, they were wired and wireless telephone, cable television, old conglomerate with new conglomerate on the core during 2000∼2003 when deregulation policy on cross-ownership was accelerated by the FCC. Results from cluster analysis on cross-mergers did not yet reveal a comprehensive convergence across all sectors in the communication industry, but identified different grouping of sectors in each period.

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