아이디어 발화 단계에서의 외화 방식에 따른 설계 전개의 경계적 특성

초록

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine how different modes of externalization in the idea generation phase influence subsequent design development from a boundary condition perspective. Rather than evaluating design quality, this study focuses on how externalized thinking functions as a conditional factor shaping divergent development paths. Methods A mixed-method approach was employed, consisting of a pre-survey measuring cognitive approach, problem-solving strategy, expression preference, digital tool perception, and externalization awareness, followed by an idea externalization task involving sketching and digital visualization. Descriptive statistics were first applied, and a rule-based classification method using Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis was adopted to explore conditional relationships between cognitive tendencies and externalized outcomes. Results The results indicate that design development does not follow a linear progression from idea generation but diverges according to combinations of cognitive characteristics and externalization modes. CART analysis revealed distinct branching conditions under which externalization functioned either as a stabilizing, exploratory, or integrative mechanism within the design process. Conclusion These findings suggest that externalization operates as a boundary condition rather than a neutral representational act in design education. Understanding how externalization shapes design development under specific cognitive conditions provides pedagogical implications for structuring idea generation tasks and guiding adaptive instructional strategies.

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