서해안 풍어제 배치기 소리에 나타나는 봉죽의 의미 재조명 - 어로 활동과의 상관관계 분석을 중심으로 -

초록

This study analyzes the correlation between fishing activities and Baechigi Sori of Pungeojae on the west coast to reexamine the significance of bongjuk (a bamboo stalk decorated with flowers). In the Pungeojae of the west coast region, Baechigi Sori, a labor song sung by sailors during fishing activities, is performed to pray for a good catch of fish. There are many titles within the Baechigi Sori which are related to bongjuk, with lyrics closely tied to croaker fishing. Through these, it is revealed that bongjuk was once distributed throughout the west coast and a few parts of the south coast, a range that aligns with the historical croaker fishing regions. At the time, boats carried bongjuk for various practical purposes. It served as a functional tool for measuring the catch and as a symbol of a ship full of fish during successful croaker seasons. Pungeojae, when it was performed, bongjuk temporarily transformed into a divine symbol. Since the 1960s, with the decline of croaker fishing, bongjuk has lost its original daily functions. Given that bongjuk specifically symbolized a good catch of croaker, it logically should have disappeared alongside the decline of the industry. Nevertheless, it remains a representative symbol of the Pungeojae on the west coast. Bongjuk is a multifaceted symbol including three cultural elements: fishing, play, and ritual. While its function as a fishing gear in everyday life has declined, its roles in play and ritual persist within the extraordinary context of Pungeojae. Bongjuk is transmitted as a representation of the west coast's ritual culture and a symbol reflecting the regional characteristics of former croaker fishing areas. Furthermore, the acceptance of Bongjuk has diversified; it now carries prayers for the abundance of any type of fish and safety of various fishing boats, and fishermen beyond croaker fishing. Since the decline of the croaker fishing, the meaning of bongjuk within Pungeojae has actually expanded. In this regard, bongjuk can be reinterpreted as a symbol of memory for the west coast's historical croaker fishing culture, representing a shift in meaning toward an extraordinary representation that possesses inclusive value in contemporary rituals.

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