자율주행버스 도입에 따른 고속도로 버스전용차로 효과평가

초록

This study evaluates the impact of bus-only lane installation on highways in mixed trafficenvironments, focusing on safety and mobility in preparation for the commercialization of autonomousbuses. VISSIM, a microscopic traffic simulation tool, was used to analyze 300 scenarios based onbus-only lane installation, bus traffic volume, other vehicle traffic, and the market penetration rate ofautonomous buses. Time to Collision (TTC) and density were selected as evaluation indicators, and theAnalytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was applied to derive composite evaluation scores. Ultimately, theoperational feasibility of bus-only lane implementation was assessed by comparing evaluation scoreswith and without installation. In addition, sensitivity analysis was conducted to identify feasibleinstallation conditions, and k-means clustering was applied to classify recommended implementationscenarios. The results showed positive effects from lane installation in most traffic conditions,especially when bus traffic was low and other vehicle traffic was high. These findings providefoundational data for future bus-only lane installation and operation when autonomous buses areintroduced.

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