왜 민주주의는 재분배에 실패하는가?: 제도주의 정치경제학 및 조절이론시각을 중심으로

초록

This paper examines interactions between the economic and political spheres, focusing on income inequality, a recent topic of interest by many researchers. In particular, unlike Meltzer-Richard (1981), the reasons redistribution policy does not work well under democracy despite increasing income inequality are examined from a “political economy” viewpoint. This paper examines the interactions between politics, economics and nations-a combined perspective that has not hitherto attracted much attention in economics-and how conflicts among these three areas affect the adoption and implementation of income redistribution policy. We analyze income inequality, but we are mainly interested in how interactions between the political and economic domains lead to income inequality, rather than income inequality itself. In other words, we use an eco-political lens to view the problems of income inequality and redistribution. We take the position that income inequality and income redistribution are affected by the institutions, policies and laws created by the political system, and that these institutions, policies and laws are determined by the distribution of sociopolitical group power. The institutions and policies thus established determine the distribution of power of sociopolitical groups. Economics has mainly been concerned with the development of sophisticated policy, assuming that political problems have already been adequately worked out. However, we have focused on the complex political processes behind redistribution that take place through clashes of interests, and have looked at how policy decisions are made, who makes those decisions and why they make them.

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