우주 안보 경쟁의 새로운 시대: 한⋅일 정찰위성 개발 비교 분석을 중심으로

초록

Space security is currently emerging as an important aspect of national security, and reconnaissance satellites in particular have become a key asset for collecting military intelligence and enhancing security. Japan started developing reconnaissance satellites before South Korea and has made space security an important pillar of its national strategy since the enactment of the Basic Law on Space in 2008. This paper compares the historical context and current status of space development and changes in space security policy in South Korea and Japan and also analyzes the causes for the differences in space development capabilities between the two nations. The analysis suggests that Japan has an advantage in space development due to its close alliance with the United States and its efforts to strengthen its independent space security capabilities. In addition, Japan continues to invest and make advances in basic science research. However, South Korea’s lifting of missile range limits and reduction of the gap in basic science research shows that it is preparing the conditions for strengthening its competitiveness in space security in the future. A comparative analysis of South Korea and Japan’s reconnaissance satellites provides important implications for understanding the evolution of their space security policies and their changing national security strategies.

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