언론에서 본 탈북민: 역대 정부 맥락에서 본 프레임 변화와 담론 형성

초록

This study analyzes 24,566 news reports on North Korean defectors published between 2003 and 2022 in twelve national daily newspapers, using linguistic network analysis to identify frame structures by government and political orientation, and to compare them with German media coverage during reunification. Results show that South Korean media predominantly framed defectors within policy-oriented contexts － politics, diplomacy, security, and human rights － while inclusive civic discourse remained weak. The Lee Myung-bak and Park Geun-hye governments emphasized security and conflict frames, whereas the Roh Moo-hyun and Moon Jae-in administrations highlighted cooperation and institutionalization. Conservative newspapers stressed security narratives, while progressive outlets expanded discussions into institutional and social domains. Unlike German media, which initially embraced East Germans as agents of integration, South Korean media have long depicted defectors mainly as policy and administrative objects. This study contributes academically and politically by revealing structural features of defector framing over time and by raising the issue of the press’s narrative responsibility for social integration.

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