조선시대 성소(聖所)로서 금성당의 문화사적 위상－성저십리 내 금성당의 지리적 의미를 중심으로-

초록

This research has purpose in examining the cultural historical status of Geumseongdang(錦城堂, shrine) in Seongjeosimni(城底十里, areas within 4 killometer radius of old seoul) as a religious sanctum through the meaning of it's geographical position and the relation with Hanyang gut(shamanic ritual of 漢陽) sect. Geumseongdang is a shrine dedicated to King Sejong's son, Geumseong- daegun(錦城大君). It is widely believed that it was replaced as a sanctum of Geumseongdaegun in the late Joseon Dynasty, formerly a shrine for the god of Geumseong mountain in Naju by Naju maritime forces. During the Joseon Dynasty, Geumseongdang existed in three places: Gupabal (Jingwan-dong), Nodeul (Mangwon-dong), and Gaksimjeol (Wolgye-dong), but only Gupabal's Geumseongdang remains today. Geumseongdang was located in Seongjeosimni, which was considered a sacred place for the royal family during the Joseon Dynasty. The reason for the existence of the Geumseongdang in Seongjeosimni is related to the policy of the state trying to expel the shaman out of the Sadaemun(四大門, four gates). Around the Geumseongdang, the place of death and shaman’s village were commonly located, as well as Hwalinseo(活人署). The place of death means a cemetery, execution site, and crematorium. Shaman worked in Hwalinseo by national policy, and their residential village was formed nearby. In other words, the shaman lived in the periphery of the place of death for the consumers in the four gates and the consumers of the rite of death. Three sects of Hanyanggut tradition pass down up to this day. Three of the four pupils of the founder shaman, Oh Man-soo, made Gupa Balbon, Nodeulbon, and Gaksimjeolbon, and the other pupil, Lady Yang, built her own tradition on Mt. Deokmul. These three factions are identical to the location of Geumseongdang during the Joseon Dynasty. The possibility cannot be ruled out that the three Geumseongdangs, which were located near the shaman residential village and the place of death, could have been established as the strongholds of the sect due to the eviction outside the four gates. When performing shamanistic rituals, the local deity of the area is first invited and announced. In Hanyang Gut, Geumseongdang is the second most frequently called after Soopuldang. According to the survey in Japanese colonial era, even the area around the Geumseongdang was considered a sacred place. During the Joseon Dynasty, when it was necessary to visit Deokmulsan Mountain in Gaesong, the shaman stopped by Geumseongdang first and headed to Gaesong. Or it is presumed that those who failed to visit Kaesong would have been visited on Geumseongdang instead of Deokmulsan Mountain. It raises the possibility to equate Geumseongdangs and Deokmulsan Mountain, because Lady Yang was sister of the three sects of Hanyanggut. According to the "Gungjung Balgi(宮中件記)" of the late Joseon Dynasty, Geumseongdang was one of the prayer centers for the Byeolgieon, including a regular prayer service to the royal family. As such, Geumseongdang was regarded as a religious sanctuary that had a great influence on both the shaman and the believers within the Seongjeosimni in respect that it was considered sacred including vicinity as a center of shaman and religious place for diverse shamanistic consumers.

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