한국과 일본 신문의 ‘일본군 위안부’ 보도 프레임 유형 특성 연구

초록

This study aims to analyze differences in the framing of the news coverage of Japanese military comfort women by Korean and Japanese newspapers and examine the characteristics of the frames to see how they are constructed to convey in-depth information on the issue. The study was based on a total sampling of 620 newspaper articles regarding the comfort women from 8 Korean and Japanese newspaper companies, four per each country, during the entire period of year 2014. According to the findings, the Korean and Japanese newspapers covered issues related to the comfort women through different frames. The most dominant frames in the Korean media texts were ‘historically legitimate’ and ‘legally responsible’ frames whereas ‘historically obsessed’ and ‘other’ frames were the dominant ones in the Japanese newspapers. When each frame was divided into two dimensions, a diagnostic and a prescriptive dimension to measure the degree of which frames are more in-depth and informative, the findings show that the Korean newspapers outnumbered their Japanese counterparts on the prescriptive dimension, whereas the Japanese newspapers leaned towards the diagnostic dimension. Further analysis revealed that in the Korean newspapers, the most dominant frames such as ‘historically legitimate’, ‘legally responsible,’ ‘forceful recruitment,’ and ‘sex slaves’ were more in-depth and informative as opposed to the less dominant frames, whereas in the Japanese newspapers the frames such as ‘historically obsessed,’ ‘other,’ ‘morally responsible’ were the most in-depth and informative frames. These findings suggest that as far as news coverages on the comfort women go, the more dominant a frame is in either country’s newspapers, the more likely it is to be constructed on a balanced scale of the diagnostic and prescriptive dimensions so that the stories are thorough and detailed. Finally, Japanese Prime Minister Abe’s decision to review the Kono Statement has resulted in Korean newspapers further strengthening their dominant frames. On the other hand, Japanese newspapers took advantage of the review process of the Kono Statement to strengthen their dominant frames, while also taking it one step further by raising non-mainstream frames that showed sympathy on the debate surrounding the comfort women.

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