무속의 타계관에 대한 통시적 접근 - 타종교와의 관계를 중심으로 -

초록

This research has purpose on examination of influential relationships with other religions and investigation of this phased development process. Shamanistic death rituals was affected by outlook of afterlife from China, so they have features of Gino Gui, which lead dead men to the other world. In Shamanism, the dead mens’ judges, Ten Kings are perceived as the most important gods. Ten Kings are analyzed to be introduced to Goryeo dynasty based on the worldviews of Taoism and Buddhism, and gave influences to Goryeo shamanism. China also had recognized the other world as the place with other various names which can go by shamasnistic Gino Gui before the idea of Ten kings was established. However, after the foundation of idea of Ten Kings, it was regarded that the place that the dead men could go was chosen through the judgement from Ten Kings. It seems that the view of the other world was present before the inflow of the idea of Ten Kings, and it can be inferred from ancient tombs and shamanistic mythologies. In shamanistic mythologies, the concept of the other world is interpreted to be gone through the constant steps and established to be the present form of the worldview of afterlife. Buddhism of Ten Kings was the most influential in these steps. Before the inflow of Buddhism of Ten Kings, belief system about the death developed through constant stages and became what it is today by accepting Buddhist view of the other world. This was discussed to be the change from horizontal stage to vertical stage. According to documents from Seosamuga(narrative shamanism), the possibility of the presence of the other stage before the horizontal stage was raised. It is interpreted to embody the point that shamanistic belief system means continuation of life in the other world in the ritualistic cites. To dead men, not only the journey to the other world and reincarnation, but also lives in there are accorded important meanings. The other world in shamanism means the world where Ten Kings are and believed as resuscitation and ideal world. This is different perspective from Buddhism, which considers padma garbha loka dhatu(蓮華藏世界, ideal world inside a lotus flower),a heaven as the ideal type of world. Different with that Ten Kings are believed as the gods who judge the dead mens’ sin stage by stage in Buddhism, Ten Kings are regarded as the gods who rule the spatial area of dead mens’ ideal world. It means, the worldview of Ten Kings is more expanded in shamanism.

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