1930년대~1940년대 ‘식민지 이중언어문학 장’ 국가와 시장을 둘러싼 언어선택과 문학제도의 재편에 관한 고찰

초록

Targeting the symposiums of 『Samcheonri』, 『Kyungsungilbo』 and 『Kukminmunhak』 over Joseon literature and Japanese writing from 1934 to 1943, this paper investigated the status and meaning of Japanese writing in the colonial era by analyzing the bilingual language system in the colonial era and the capitalistic modern literary institution before and after the Pacific War, from the perspective of inner continuity. In chapter 2 an argumentative summary, the literary institution in the colonial era was considered to consist of two axes; the bilingual language system of the colonial age and the capitalistic modern literary institution. Capitalistic cultural goods and modern literary institution have been developed as contents to compete with media such as newspaper and magazine, publishing market, books as priced commodities, reading public, popular magazines as radio broadcasting, film and cultural goods launched in 1926, during the period of cultural politics. Also, the implementation of Joseon language education in school during the 2nd educational law period(1922-1937), reproduction of language and literary education through cultural channels in the private sector, the Peace Preservation Law, censorship and dispersion of KAPF demonstrate that they made a contribution to the formation of the literary institution on a national level, through fluid and regular intervention of state power. As a capitalistic modern literary institution, Joseon literature written in Hangul had made remarkable advance for nearly 15~20 years from 1922~1938, under the bilingual system of the colonial age, but from the national point of view, this was also when public language and high-level language were separate from ordinary language and low-level language by gradation, and Japanese readers and publications constantly developed in the reading market, while it was repressed in the Joseon language literary field that was fluidly allowed by the bilingual system of the colonial age. Moreover, it was mentioned that the articulation of two axes; 'capitalism/state' in the colonial era developed, being regulated and ruled by the ruling nation(Japan) and Japanese capital. Based on this argumentation, chapter 3 analyzed the 『Samcheonri』(1934~1936) symposium of Joseon literary intellectuals who stood against Japanese writing during the cultural ruling period(the 2nd educational law period), chapter 4 analyzed the 『Kyungsungilbo』 symposium on Japanese writing during the 3rd educational law period(1938), and chapter 5 analyzed the 『Kukminmunhak』 and 『Samcheonri』 symposiums of the 1940s from the Pacific War to the 4th educational law revision, in order to see how the institutional regulations in the country and market over language selection changed and lasted. After classifying these symposiums according to each period and medium, each chapter examined 1) the articulation of the market and state in the Joseon language literary field of the colonial era through discourse analysis of symposiums, and 2) the regulation by the 'articulation of the market and state in the colonial era'. During the three periods(the 2nd educational law period and cultural ruling period, the 3rd educational law period, and the war period of the 40s), 1) the country(colonial policy and war)'s bilingual system in the colonial era changed into the monolingual system, and 2) it led to the change of the capital(market) which was in a complementary relation with this, in the end. The 'writing subjects of Joseon' yielded by the process of modern literary institutionalization within this 'articulation of the market and state in the colonial era' were regulated, being bound by the literary field that was multiply affected by the regulations of the capital and state like desire for good writings to build literary career and win prize, readers and the conditions of the publishing market, the existence of magazines and newspapers and rights for their continuation and abolition, and language required by media, while trying to accomplish and realize individual desires for writing. On the other hand, it can be said that individuals in the field were ruled by modern codes like individual ability, decision and choice and individual compensation for that. These modern-capitalistic codes constantly ruled individuals in the field, through individual spontaneity, that is, free choice and compensation for that, regulating the 'field' legally and institutionally in combination with the state.

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