독일의 탈석탄 추진 정책과 시사점

초록

While coal phase-out is necessary for mitigating climate change, it can bring many side effects in the mid-term because it causes significant changes in the current economic and social system. This study analyzes Germany's coal phase-out policies of the federal and local governments. At the national level, we examine the progress of the policy design and implementation process under Mr. Scholz, who succeeded Mr. Markel. We also analyze the decision-making systems and initiatives at the local level of states to which potentially vulnerable regions belong. Then, we present the implications for the Korean central and its local governments by comparing the phase-out processes between Germany and Korea. First, the central government must give autonomy and responsibility to locals to allocate budgets for which local governments are responsible from project selection to final results. Second, Germany is currently reorganizing its industrial structure centered on digitalization and climate protection, and Korea also needs to present a long-term future vision through industrial innovation. Third, local governments must maintain close cooperation with the central government and develop coal phase-out governance and programs so that no social groups are alienated.

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